Engine mounting



April 18, 1939. R. s. TRofr ENGINE moum'me Filed Sep}. 14, 1954 3Sheets-Sheet 1 R. s. TROTT ENGINE MOUNTING April 18, 1939.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 14, 1934 P 1939. R. s. TROTT ENGINEMOUNTING Filed Sept. 14, 1934 3' Sheets-Sheet s In VQFHEP/ W4. \ZUZZPatented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ENGINE MOUNTINGRolland s. m, Denver, Colo. Application September 14, 1934, Serial No.744,078

Claims.

My invention relates to engine mountings for mounting engines uponframes or supports and providing pivotal and orbital vibration cushion:ing movements therefor, and is a continuation in part of my applicationSerial No. 578,108, filed November 30, 1931, and of my prior applicationSerial No. 578,110, filed November 30, 1931, now Patent No. 1,975,910 ofOctober 9,1934, and is an improvement over my patent on Enginemountings, No. 1,834,907, dated December 21, 1931.

In my former invention as set forth in patent No. 1,834,907, the twomountings of the engine unit upon its support provided for an axis ofoscillation substantially concentric with the engine crankshaft ifbalance could thus be obtained, or oflfset laterally or verticallytherefrom if required for proper balance.

This construction as thus set forth in my abovementioned patent,providing as it does one axis of oscillation only, may locate such axisconcentrio with the crankshaft of the engine or passing through thecenter of gravity of the engine, or may provide a compromise positionfor the axes of oscillation between the two extremes.

It is one object of my present invention to provide a construction inwhich both the center of gravity axis and the torque axis are providedso as to take care of both the forces due to torque and those due togravity, weight, or mass.

Another object of my present invention is to provide sufilcientresiliency in the mounting means as to permit oscillation of the engineunit about a transversely extending axis adjacent the rear mounting dueto secondary force impulses in the engine exerted in a verticaldirection.

A further object of this invention is to provide a construction to takecare of special installations, and thereby overcome excessive vibrationin any particular direction, due to any special case.

I accomplish these objects by providing a construction as illustrativeof the invention in which the rear of the power plant is pivotallymounted upon its support or frame by a mounting which will accommodateitself to any position or movement of the front of the power plant andin which the front of the power plant is provided with a mounting havingtwo spaced points of oscillation, and by-providing suitable stabilizingmeans for the construction with regard to both points of oscillation.

All of this will be fully described below and is illustrated in thedrawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a side view of a power plant provided with my combinedcenter of gravity axis and concentric axis of oscillation mounting;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but showing a modified formthereof;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but. showing anothermodified form thereof;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of Fig. 1, showing stabilizer 1o means between theengine unit and the frame;

Fig. 7 is a plan view similar to Fig. 6, but showing stabilizer meansbetween the engine unit and the third member to the rear axle of thevehicle;

Fig. 8 is a plan view similar to Fig. 6, but showll ing a stabilizerconnection between the engine unit and the front axle of the vehicle;

, Fig. 9 is a detail cross-section partly in elevation showing amodified form of stabilizer between the floating member and the frontaxle spring;

Fig. 10 is a detail, similar to Fig. 9, showing a modified form ofstabilizer between the floating member and the front axle of thevehicle;

Fig. 11 is a detail, similar to Fig. 9, showing a modified form ofstabilizer between the floating 26 member and the front axle-spring ofthe vehicle;

Fig. 12 is a detail, similar to Fig. 9, showing a modified form ofstabilizer between the floating member and a reach to the front axle;

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view showing a. modified form ofstabilizer between the floating member and the engine unit;

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view showing a modified form ofstabilizer between the floating member and the frame;

Fig. 15 is a vertical sectional view showing a modified form ofstabilizer between the floating member and the frame;

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating some of the various possible positionsof the floating member;

Fig. 17 is a detail of one form of the rear mounting; and

Fig. 18 is a detail front elevation of another form of front mountingembodying this invention.

In Fig 1, a rear mounting l of non-metallic resilient material, such asrubber, supports the rear of the power plant or engine unit 2'upon acrossmember 3, of the frame of the vehicle. I

A floating member 4 at the front of the engine unit is supported by amounting 5, upon a crossmember 8 of the frame of the vehicle. The powerplant 2 at its front end is supported by a mounting 1 upon the floatingmember 4. The rubber mountings 5 and l, are secured by clampstherearoundrespectively to the frame and to the engine unit.

The mountings 5 and I may be both of nonmetallic and yieldable material,such as rubber, as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, or the upper mountingmay be of metallic material I while the lower mounting 5 is of yieldablematerial'as shown in Figure 4; or the upper mounting I may be ofyieldable material and the lower mounting may be of metallic material 5'as shown in Figure 5, depending upon conditions to be met-and resultsrequired. In' any case, the tendency of the power plant to oscillateabout its center of gravity (roughly indicated at C in Figure 1) mayresult in oscillation about an axis of oscillation GG provided by therear mounting I and the front mounting I.

Also the tendency of the power plant to oscillate about the axis of itscrankshaft 48 is permitted by the mounting l and the mounting 5, whichcombine to provide an axis of oscillation TT. Oscillation of thepower-plant 2 about either one or both of these axes of oscillation maytake place at anw time in proportion to the forces which tend to producesuch oscillations, such oscillations, however, being resiliently opposedas will appear below.

The power plant or engine unit designated 2, is of conventional typecomprising an internal combustion engine, a combined flywheel and clutchhousing,'and transmission housing rigid] secured together as a unit.

The internal combustion engine is of the reciprocating piston type,being shown as four-cyl inders in line, within each of which cylindersis a reciprocating piston having a connecting rod joining it tocrankshaft 48 in the usual manner. The transmission drives the usualpropeller shaft 40'.

The rubber mounting designated generally I, at the rear, permitsoscillation of the engine about the axes G-G, and T--T, extendinggenerally in the direction of the length of the engine, and it alsopermits oscillation of the engine about a transverse or crosswise axisW, diagrammatically illustrated in Figure 1 as a point.

During operation of substantially all engines there are numerous partswhich move relative to the engine casing, many of which travel indiiferent directions. The reactions upon the engine casing from thesimultaneous movements of such parts in diverse directions createresultant forces which tend to cause the engine to move through amaximum amplitude in a somewhat regular path. In the case of afour-cyllnder-inline engine as illustrated, the secondary force impulsesconstitute important unbalanced internal forces and they are applied inthe direction of reciprocation of the pistons and their frequency variesin accordance with the speed of operation of the engine.

In the engine illustrated, these secondary force impulses are exerted invertical directions and they tend to oscillate the engine about thetransverse axis W.,

The vertical oscillation of themine unit about the transverse axis W ispermitted by the flow of the rubber of the mountings 5 and I, and theyieldable character of the rear mounting I. The rubber mounting ,I isdeflected during oscillation of the engine unit about the axis G-G, andthe rubber mounting 5 is deflected during oscillation of the engine unitabout the axis TT. The oscillation of the power plant about axis W iscontrolled by the mountings 5 and I. The

oscillations about the axes 6-6 and TT are controlled by other meansexplained hereinafter.

The power plant 2 is provided with stabilizer means 9 which maybeconnected to the frame 8 as at I2, shown in Figure 6. Or the stabilizermeans I8 (see Figure 7) may be connected with the bracket II as at I3,which bracket II is carried by the third member I4 extending to the rearaxle of the'vehicle. Or the power plant 2 may be provided withstabilizer means I5 (see Figure 8) connected to the front axle I8 byshackles or by other movable means, as'shown I at I1. Or the power plant2 may be' provided with stabilizer means I8 to the floating member 4' asshown in Figure I8 combined with one of the stabilizer means mentionedabove. In any case, the power-plant is free to oscillate with respect tothe frame against the resilient opposition of stabilizer means connectedto some part of the vehicle.

The'floating member 4 may be provided with means 22 as shown in Figure10, or to the front spring 2I, by stabilizing means 28, as' shown inFigure II, or to the front reach 42 by means of the spring 2I' andshackles 4| as shown in Fig- 7 ure 12 or by stabilizer means I8 to theengine unit 2 as shown in Figure 13. In any case, the floating islocated properly and resiliently by stabilizer means to some part of thevehicle.

'In the case of the construction shown in Figure 13, in which stabilizermeans extends between the floating member and the engine unit, eitherfloating member or engine must naturally have one of the otherstabilizer constructions shown connecting to some part of the vehicle.

In the construction shown in Figure 14, the floating member 24 has thestabilizer means 25 to the frame cross-member 8. The mounting I in thiscase is at ,about forty-five (45) degrees removed from the vertical linethrough the mounting 5. The construction shown in Figure 14 provides afloating movement of the powerplant at about forty-five (45") degreesfrom the vertical.

In the construction shown in Figure 15, the floating member 28 has themetallic stabilizer means 21 and the non-metallic stabilizer means 28,connecting it with the frame 28. The construction shown in Figure 15provides a floating movement of the power-plant that is substantiallyvertical.

Neither of these last two constructions as shown provides an axis ofoscillation concentric with the engine shaft 48. However, it is a matterof choice as to the direction or angle takenby the floating member fromits mounting upon the frame.

Hgure 16 illustrates this point. The circle 80 indicate one mounting ofthe floating member which may be on the frame or on the engine unit, andthe circles 8I88 illustrate possible positions of the other mounting ofthe floating member which correspondingly may be on the engine unit oron the frame. In any case, the floating member will have the proper,satisfactory, and necessary stabilizer means to some part of thevehicle, and will be combined with the rear mounting I which givessubstantially universal pivotal movement between the power plant and theframe, and the engine unit will have proper mounted in a rubber mountingin the upper end of a pedestal 4|, which pedestal is in turn carried bya transverse leaf-spring 42- supported by suitable shackles on the frontaxle 43. This construction is similar to that shown in Figs. 2 to 5except the pedestal is mounted on an axle supported spring instead of onthe frame.

It will thus be seen that by the proper selection of mountings andmaterials and construction, angular position and points of frame orengine engagement for either end of the floating member and by properselection of stabilizer means, from the floating member and from theengine unit to some part of the vehicle, any desired resiliently opposedmovement or combination of movements may be given the power-plant inorder to provide for any possible movement of the power-plant withrespect to the frame to properly cushion its forces 'at all times.

Though only a few possible combinations of the various elements of myinvention are shown and described,' I do not mean to limit myselfthereby since I am well aware that any floating member stabilizer shownor any other proper floating 7 engine unit, a rear pivotal mountingsupported member stabilizer may be combined with any engine unitstabilizer shown or with any other' proper engine unit stabilizer, andsuch combination may have any front and rear mountingcombinat'ion shownor any other proper front and rear mounting combination so long as thefinal result is that the engine unit may have resiliently opposedoscillation on two different longitudinal axes of oscillation and onetransverse axis of oscillation.

I claim: I

1. The combination in a motor vehicle having a frame structure, of anengine unit, rear mounting means supported by the frame and supportingthe rear portion of the engine unit, a floating member at the front ofthe engine unit and having means supported by the vehicle and pivotallysupporting the floating member, and said floating member having. meanssupporting a portion of the engine unit for movement relative thereto.

2. The combination in a motor vehicle, of-an engine unit, a single rearpivotal mounting supported by the frame of the vehicle and supportingand longitudinally locating the engine unit, a floating member at thefront of the engine unit having a mounting supported by the frame andpivotally supporting the floating member and having a mounting pivotallysupporting the engine unit, stabilizing means between the engine unitand some part of the vehicle, and stabilizing means between the floatingmember and some part of the vehicle.

3. The combination in a motor vehicle, of an engine unit, a rear pivotalmounting supported by the frame of the vehicle and supporting andlongitudinally locating the rear portion of the engine unit, a floatingmember pivotally carried by the frame and pivotally supporting the frontof the engine unit providing separated pivotal means whereby the engineunit has two axes of oscillation converging toward the rear mounting,stabilizing means between the engine unit and some part of the vehicle,and stabilizing means between said floating member and some part of thevehicle.

4. The combination in a motor vehicle, of an by the frame of the vehicleand supporting and longitudinally locating the rear portion of theengine unit, a floating member pivotally mounted upon the frame andpivotally supporting the front I of the engine unit by a pivotalconnection therewith whereby the mounting of the floating member on theframe and of the engine unit on the floating member will provide twopivot points each cooperating with the rear mounting to form axes ofoscillation for the engine unit which axes are separated at the front ofthe engine unit and converge toward the rear mounting thereof, andstabilizer means between the engine unit and floating member andsomepart of the vehicle.

5. In a motor vehicle, the combination of an engine unit, a main supporthaving a single pivot carrying an end of the engine unit, a swingingsupport carrying the opposite end of the engine unit and having apivotal connection with the main support constructed to provide swingingmovement of said swinging support relative thereto, means forstabilizing said swinging supporting the rear portion of the engineunit, and

a single floating member pivotally supported at the front of the engineunit and supporting the front portion of said engine unit.

7. In a motor vehicle, the combination of an engine unit, a single pivotmounting for supporting the rear of the engine unit, a single floatingmember pivotally supported at the front of the engine unit supportingthe front end of engine unit, and stabilizing means for said floatingmember.

8. In a motor mounting, the combination of supporting structure, afloating member pivoted to said supporting structure, said floatingmember having a pivot for the moto said pivots being arrangedapproximately in an upright plane extending longitudinally of the motor,and stabilizing means for the floating member.

9. In a motor mounting, the combination-of supporting structure, afloating member pivoted to said supporting structure and extendingupwardly therefrom, said floating member having a pivot for the motor atthe upper end thereof, said pivots being disposed approximately in avertical plane extending longitudinally of the motor, and

stabilizing means for-the floating member arranged on opposite sides ofsaid upright plane.

10. In a motor vehicle, the combination with an engine unit, of at leasttwo mounting means therefor, one of which comprises a floating member, apivotal support for said floating member, a pivot connecting the engineunit with said floating member, said pnmts being arranged approximatelyin an upright plane extending longitudinally of the engine unit, andstabilizing means connected with said floating member.

resilient means bearing against the .floating member on opposite sidesof said upright plane.

12. The combination in a vehicle having a support and an engine unit, ofmounting means at one end providing movable suppo t for the engine unit,a floating member supporting the op- 1 posite end of the engine unit formovement relative to'the floating member, resilient means mounting thefloating member on the support, and stabilizing means between thefloating member and some part of the vehicle.

13. The combination of a chassis, an engine unit,'and means mounting theengine unit on the chassis comprising a floating member pivotallysupported on the chassis, and separate stabilizing means extending fromthe engine unit and from the floating member to some part of thechassis, said floating member providing pivotal support for the engineunit, whereby the engine unit has two converging axes of oscillationwith respect to the support.

14. The combination of a frame or support, a power plant, a mounting atone end which accommodates itself to any position or movement of thepower plant at that end, a pivotallymounted floating member havingpivotal support for the other end of the power plant providing twospaced points of oscillation, and independent means for stabilizingseparately said spaced points of oscillation.

15. A mounting for an engine unit comprising a floating pedestal havinga support for movably supporting the engine unit, non-metallic resilientmeans supporting said floating pedestal permitting freedom of movementof the engine unit in all directions, and stabilizing means connectedwith said floating pedestal.

16. In a motor vehicle, the combination with a support, and an engineunit, of movable mounting means supporting an end portion of the engineunit on the support, a floating member having pivotal connection withthe engine unit, and means for supporting said floating means for approximately pivotal movement, said pivots being arranged to support theengine unit for oscillation about two longitudinally extending axesconverging toward the movable mounting means. I

17. The combination with an engine unit having a tendency of torquecushioning oscillation during operation, of mounting means for saidengine unit comprising two vertically spaced mountings adjacent an endof the engine unit and a mounting structure for the other end portion ofthe engine unit providing a single pivot point, and said mountings andmounting structure being so constructed and arranged as to provide forsubstantially oscillatory movement of the engine unit about separateconverging longitudinal axes, one of which extends adjacent the enginecrankshaft and the other is spaced above said first-mentioned axis atthe flrst mentioned end of the engine unit.

18. The combination with an engine unit having a tendency of torquecushioning oscillation during operation, of mounting means for saidengine unit comprising two vertically spaced mountings adjacent an endof the engine unit and a mounting structure for the other end por-r tionof the engine unit providing a single pivot point, and said mountingsand mounting struc ture being so constructedand arranged as to providefor substantially pivotal movement of the engine unit about separatelongitudinal axes,.

one of which extends adjacent the engine crankshaft and the other isspaced above said firstmentioned axis at the first-mentioned end of theengine unit, movement about both of said axes being resiliently opposed.

19. The combination with an engine unit having a tendency of torquecushioning oscillation during operation, a resilient mounting supportingthe rear end portion of the engine unit, a front mountingstructure'having two vertically spaced mountings so constructed andarranged as to provide for substantially pivotal movement of the engineunit about separate longitudinal axes extending fromthe respective frontmountings approximately to the rear mounting, one of which axes islocated adjacent the engine crankshaft and the other is spaced above thefirsting a resilient mounting connected with an endportion of theengineunit and mounting said end portion for approximately pivotal movement,

a floating member supporting said resilient mounting, and resilientmeans providing a substantially oscillatory support for said floatingmember. a

21. A mounting for an engine unit comprising a floating pedestal havinga substantially pivota1 support for the engine unit, and a substantiallypivotal resilient support for said floating pedestal permitting freedomof movement of the engine unit in all transverse directions.

. 22; A mounting for an engine unit comprising a floating pedestalhaving a substantially pivotal support for the engine unit, andresilient supporting means for said floating pedestal including asubstantially pivotal supporting portion and transversely spacedresilient portions, permitting freedom of movement of the engine unit.in all transverse directions.

ber supporting aportion of the engine unit for.

movement relative to said floating member, means movably supporting saidfloating member on the vehicle, and resilient stabilizing meansconnected between the engine unit and the floating member.

25. The combination in a vehicle having a support, of an engine unit,and means, for movably supporting the engine unit on the support, saidmeans including a floating member movably mounted on the support andmovably supporting a portion of the engine unit, and, means forresiliently opposing relative movement between the engine unit and thefloating member.

HOLLAND S. TRO'I'I.

